We will configure an FTP server with Anonymous access. We will use vsftpd on Ubuntu or Debian Linux Operating System.
Download Ubuntu from https://ubuntu.com/download/server
Download Debian from https://cdimage.debian.org/debian-cd/current/amd64/iso-dvd/
Write the iso file to a pendrive, and create the bootable USB disk. Then complete the OS installation.
Temporarily disable MAC-Binding in your external router, and after installation finished you can re-enable MAC-Binding in your router.
When configuring Ubuntu disk partition, increase LV partition [/] to a maximum by taking from free space.
Login as root, or sudo user
If the text editor NANO is not available, install it first
sudo apt install nano
1) If installed from DVD iso, first edit the repository list.
sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
When collecting the sources list, make sure you are taking the correct version of OS repository.
Find the Ubuntu repository sources list at ( https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Repositories/CommandLine#Adding_Repositories )
Find the Debian repository sources list at ( https://wiki.debian.org/SourcesList#Example_sources.list )
Save the repository list file.
You can find repository sources by Google Search. Example search term such as "Ubuntu 22 sample repository".
2) Configure network interface to set STATIC ip
It's optional, you may continue with DHCP, there will be no problem !
Ubuntu network settings guide on ( https://ubuntu.com/server/docs/network-configuration )
Debian network settings guide on ( https://wiki.debian.org/NetworkConfiguration#Setting_up_an_Ethernet_Interface )
At this time, please make sure the machine is getting internet, or check the network setting again.
3) Run update
sudo apt update
4) Install FTP server
sudo apt install vsftpd
5) Backup the config file
sudo cp /etc/vsftpd.conf /etc/vsftpd.conf.orig
6) If the firewall enabled, allow ftp ports
sudo ufw status
sudo ufw allow ftp-data
sudo ufw allow ftp
If you have external firewall, then do not enable firewall in ftp server.
Also, disable SELINUX
sudo sestatus
sudo nano /etc/selinux/config
FROM:
SELINUX=enforcing
TO:
SELINUX=disabled
7) Make a folder for FTP
sudo mkdir -p /public/ftp/anonymous/files
8) Set directory permission
sudo chown nobody:nogroup /public/ftp/anonymous/files
9) Create a test file
echo "vsftpd test file" | sudo tee /public/ftp/anonymous/files/test.txt
10) Setup an SSL for 10 years
sudo openssl req -x509 -nodes -days 3650 -newkey rsa:2048 -keyout /etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem -out /etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem
11) Configure Anonymous and local access
sudo nano /etc/vsftpd.conf
Just copy and paste the below configuration, and you are good to go ! (in NANO delete all command is "Ctrl+Shift+K")
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=YES
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=NO
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=077
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
# obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to disable anonymous user to replace file/folder
anon_other_write_enable=NO
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
#xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# Delete the unfinished file uploads
delete_failed_uploads=YES
#
# Restrict file/folder delete
cmds_denied=DELE,RMD
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to Local FTP service.
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/vsftpd.pem
ssl_enable=YES
force_local_logins_ssl=NO
force_local_data_ssl=NO
allow_anon_ssl=NO
#
# point users to the directory we created
anon_root=/public/ftp/anonymous/
#
# stop prompting password on command line
no_anon_password=YES
#
# show user and group as ftp:ftp, regardless of the owner
hide_ids=YES
#
# limit the range of ports that can be used for passive FTP
pasv_min_port=49152
pasv_max_port=65535
pasv_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
#utf8_filesystem=YES
#
# Anonymous user's umask
anon_umask=022
#
# Uncomment to restrict specific type of file uploads
#deny_file=(*.mp3, *.mov, *.avi, *.docx, .private)
Then save the file
12) Set file permissions for anyone access
sudo chmod -R 777 /public/ftp/anonymous/files/
13) Finally, restart the vsftpd
sudo systemctl restart vsftpd
Done, the current configuration will allow anonymous users to upload and download any file from FTP.
If you want to test a local user access, then create a user and login to FTP by that user credential.
sudo adduser testftpuser
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